Chinese hybrid warfare approach and the logic of strategy

The geopolitical, military, and economic development of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) represents a challenge to the world order that international actors will have to manage in the coming years. The destructuring approach of the current international system, based on US pre-eminence, is attacked simultaneously in three fields. It is a method that does not respect the rules of strategic logic and is capable of leading to the collapse of the Chinese regime due to the strong international friction it will create2. The strategic realignment of the United Kingdom, USA, Japan, and Australia that has been in place since 2021 to contain China\u27s international activism is a signal of a highly protective containment strategy currently deployed by the western allies led by Washington, but it is especially proof that Chinese policies are creating counterreactions

European critical infrastructure protection: The need for a regional approach and a cyber constant contact strategy

Today, Critical Infrastructures are regionally interconnected. Countries’ security and stability rely more on international cooperation every day and this should be even truer within the European Union framework. Recently, the EU has provided a general definition of CI and proposed a European Programme for Critical Infrastructure Protection. It seeks to provide an all-hazard cross-sectoral approach and it is supported by regular exchanges of information between EU States in the framework of the CIP Contact Points meetings. EPCIP is fundamental for our common market security, but by analysing state-of-the-art technology, this paper will try to show that EPCIP a cyber constant contact strategy. A single coordination of several regional CI frameworks could represent an effective solution, implemented on the EU principle of subsidiarity, by avoiding excessive bureaucracy

Nato - EU Collaboration on Hybrid Threats: Cooperation Out of Necessity with Potential Consequences on International Legal Framework

This article analyzes the current state of collaboration between NATO and the EU, with particular reference to the hybrid conflict sector. There has always existed a close relationship of interdependence between the two organizations. In 2016, this interdependence experienced a collaborative surge with the signing of a joint declaration at the Warsaw Summit. Since then,NATO and the European Union have actively collaborated in various sectors, including hybrid warfare. In the future, both organizations will need to improve the exchange of information and intelligence collaboration. However, this analysis aims to point out that NATO and the EU, if they wish to limit the scope of their opponents’ manoeuvrability, since hybrid conflict tends to develop below the threshold of what is generally accepted as the definition of armed conflict, will have to work together to outline a new legal framework that redefines the definition of armed conflict

Nato - EU Collaboration on Hybrid Threats: Cooperation Out of Necessity with Potential Consequences on International Legal Framework

This article analyzes the current state of collaboration between NATO and the EU, with particular reference to the hybrid conflict sector. There has always existed a close relationship of interdependence between the two organizations. In 2016, this interdependence experienced a collaborative surge with the signing of a joint declaration at the Warsaw Summit. Since then,NATO and the European Union have actively collaborated in various sectors, including hybrid warfare. In the future, both organizations will need to improve the exchange of information and intelligence collaboration. However, this analysis aims to point out that NATO and the EU, if they wish to limit the scope of their opponents’ manoeuvrability, since hybrid conflict tends to develop below the threshold of what is generally accepted as the definition of armed conflict, will have to work together to outline a new legal framework that redefines the definition of armed conflict